ICT facilities and Orang Asli education at Royal Belum, Gerik, Perak

An effective teaching and learning using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is necessary to facilitate students to the world of knowledge at their fingertips. The use of ICT essentially leads to significant impact on a condusive learning environment and also on the students’ achievements. In Malaysia, the students come from different background and ethnics, which include orang Asli. The urban students might face less difficulties in accepting the ICT in their lessons. A question then raised regarding the readiness of the Orang Asli students, particularly in remote areas, like Royal Belum, Malaysia. This paper investigates the readiness of the primary students, namely from the Jahai group, in Royal Belum on the use of ICT devices, such as notepad and laptop. In addition to that, we studied the internet facilities and its connectivity at the schools, including some other related issues. Outcome of the observations show positive readiness of Orang Asli students in using ICT devices. Nevertheless, a substantial effort from the ICT teachers seems crucial to the effective delivery of the ICT syllabus. Additionally, the schools suffer with slow connectivity as the data rate of 20 Mbps needs to be shared with other nearby schools. This has affected the students’ learning and also the teachers’ daily tasks, for instance, in meeting District Education Department (PPD) requirements regarding uploading marks online. Therefore, it is appropriate for the government agencies to search some initiatives in solving the current issues

Modelling the Effect of Human Body around User on Signal Strength and Accuracy of Indoor Positioning

WLAN indoor positioning system (IPS) has high accurate of position estimation and minimal cost. However, environmental conditions such as the people presence effect (PPE) greatly influence WLAN signal and it will decrease the accuracy. This research modelled the effect of people around user on signal strength and the accuracy. We have modelled the human body around user effects by proposed a general equation of decrease in RSSI as function of position, distance, and number of people. RSSI decreased from 5 dBm to 1 dBm when people in LOS position, and start from 0.5 dBm to 0.3 dBm when people in NLOS position. The system accuracy decreases due to the presence of people. When the system in NLOS case (ΔRSSI = 0.5 dBm), the presence of people causes a decrease in accuracy from 33% to 57%. Then the accuracy decrease from 273% to 334% in LOS case (ΔRSSI = 5 dBm)

RF energy harvesting with multiple sources and co-channel interference assisted

Wireless Energy Harvesting (EH) from the ambient Radio Frequency (RF) has emerged a solution in recent technology which can prolong the consumption of conventional battery in any constraint nodes. In this paper, a 3-node decode-and-forward (DF) model is proposed where the relay node is subject to an energy constraint. Multiple sources and co-channel interference (CCI) are added in the system model known as Multiple-Source and Single-Relay (MSSR). A mathematical model is derived in Time Switching Relaying (TSR) scheme to obtain an average system throughput at a destination. Several numerical simulations with respect to the average throughput and system parameters were performed and compared with both ideal receiver and Single- Source and Single-Relay (SSSR) schemes. By applying multiple sources and CCI as an energy enhancement at the constraint node, the optimal value of EH ratio for TSR can be reduced significantly by 10% as compared to the ideal receiver and SSSR

A Review of Power Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access in 5G Networks

This paper highlights the fundamentals of the strong candidate Power Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (PD-NOMA) technique, and how it can best fit the requirements of fifth Generation (5G) in practical applications. PD-NOMA ensures flexibility in radio resource to improve user’s access performance. Multiple users share the same radio resources in PD-NOMA, and therefore better spectrum efficiency can be achieved. The practical system design aspects of PD-NOMA are considered in this paper by exploring different network scenarios. Optimal performances of PD-NOMA system can be obtained by suitable power allocation schemes, with reduce the computational complexity, and advanced user pairing strategy. Theoretical formulation and solutions are also explained prior to the concept of downlink PD-NOMA. Challenges and future research windows are discussed before conclusion of this paper

Localization Techniques for Water Pipeline Leakages: A Review

Pipeline leakages in water distribution network (WDN) is one of the prominent issues that has gain an interest among researchers in the past few years. Time and accuracy play an important role in leak localization as it has huge impact to the human population and economic point of view. The complexity of WDN has prompt numerous techniques and methods been introduced focusing on the accuracy and efficacy. In general, localization techniques can be divided into two broad categories; external and internal systems. This paper reviews some of the techniques that has been explored and proposed including the limitations of each techniques. Â

Performance Analysis of IIR and FIR Filters for 5G Wireless Networks

This paper analyses the performances of the Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) and Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters. By studying the relationship between filter responses with filter orders and delay, the goal is to choose feasible filters that can accommodate more carriers in a bandwidth thus, the spectral efficiency can be increased. For IIR filtering, we employ filters namely Butterworth, Chebyshev, and Elliptic, while the Equiripple, Bohman, and Hamming are studied for FIR filtering. We evaluate these filters in terms of magnitude response, phase response and group delay, and identify the minimum filter order that characterized nearly to an ideal filter response. The results show that the IIR filter has a steep transition region when compared to the FIR filters under the similar order.  Our performance analysis showed that the IIR filters, with similar filter order of FIR filters, have also the fastest roll-off, small transition region, and low implementation cost. On the other hand, the FIR filters have linear phase response that related to group delay.  Finally, our analysis concluded that Elliptic able to suppress the sidelobes with a minimum order of 10th   and Equiripple have the fastest roll-off and narrowest transition region compare to other tested FIR filter. Thus, make these two types of filter feasible candidates to be implemented in 5G wireless networks

Modelling the effect of human body around user on signal strength and accuracy of indoor positioning

WLAN indoor positioning system (IPS) has high accurate of position estimation and minimal cost. However, environmental conditions such as the people presence effect (PPE) greatly influence WLAN signal and it will decrease the accuracy. This research modelled the effect of people around user on signal strength and the accuracy. We have modelled the human body around user effects by proposed a general equation of decrease in signal strength as function of position, distance, and number of people. Signal strength decreased from 5 dBm to 1 dBm when people in line of sight (LOS) position, and start from 0.5 dBm to 0.3 dBm when people in non-line of sight (NLOS) position. The system accuracy decreases due to the presence of people. When the system is in NLOS case, the presence of people causes a decrease in accuracy from 33% to 57%. Then the accuracy decrease from 273% to 334% in LOS case

Development of an integrated web-based indoor parking system with sensors

Growing number of vehicles in recent years has an impact to road capacity and parking spaces. Even with support of an efficient public transport, some users prefer to use their personal vehicles. Hence, it resulted in lack of parking space in public areas. Looking for parking spaces is time, money and fuel consuming and causes unnecessary stress to drivers. This work will design and develop the sensing infrastructure which will be used as a part of an integrated smart parking system that integrates the sensing capability with wireless transmission to the central web portal. Then, the central web portal will provide a platform for vehicle parking reservation system made online through a computer. This system also permits drivers to make a reservation on available parking slots utilizing ID code keyed in for authentication and several indicators to denote availability, non-availability and reservation status at the parking slot. The communication technologies used has to upload and download information to and from the web. This work has shown that the development was successful for a single floor parking system and can be upgraded to multi-storey parking complex

TRIZ Inventive Solution in Solving Water Pipeline Leakage Using Accelerometer Sensor

To a developing country, sustaining a consistent water supply for industrial and domestic usages is a great challenge. In Malaysia, this can be demonstrated by the alarming rate of the Non-Revenue Water (NRW), which is >30% and this is greater than the recommended NRW by the World Bank. Therefore, this paper highlights several causes that lead to this and determines the primary cause, which is water pipeline leakage. The Teoriya Resheniya Izobretatelskikh Zadatch (TRIZ), a problem-solving tool is employed to study the potential solutions. Then, the water system testbed is developed to examine the performance of the proposed solution

Docker containers usage in the internet of things: a survey

The Internet of Things (IoT) opened the way for enabling many of our everyday objects (things) interact with their environment to collect data, analyze and automating jobs based on specific rules. Within the constraint environment, the requirement of lightweight IoT application are tremendously indeed required to ensure the IoT application can be run efficiently. Docker containers is a promising technology to enable IoT application running smoothly, fast and efficient. In this paper, an introduction to Docker is presented. Then we explore the usage of Docker containers in the IoT application. Finally, we briefly discuss why Docker containers are usage in the IoT application